Rock art provides a crucial archive for understanding early human cognition, cultural expressions and Quaternary ecology. However, it remained an underutilised source of paleoenvironmental, techno-behavioural, and cognitive insights. This session seeks to move beyond the traditional iconographic study of rock art by integrating approaches from geochemistry, geochronology, mineral micromorphology, photogrammetry, spectroscopy, semiotics, neuroaesthetics, schema theories, theory of mind and others. This interdisciplinary framework aims to uncover the temporal, contextual, technical, cognitive, behavioural and ecological dimensions of past human cultural expressions in the diverse landscape of Asia. This session invites papers on rock art studies that draw upon cognitive archaeology, anthropological archaeology, cognitive neuroscience, art history, geochemistry, geochronology, preservation perspectives, and Quaternary paleoecology. The session encourages interdisciplinary dialogue to interpret rock art as a complex cultural, environmental and cognitive phenomenon rather than merely a visual expression. Further, this session addresses modern threats like climate change, aiming to enhance both our understanding of ancient human-environment dynamics and the management of these invaluable cultural archives.