Low-lying islands worldwide face acute challenges from sea-level rise, changing monsoon intensities, and other climate-driven hazards. This interdisciplinary session explores the dynamic responses of island systems, focusing on their geological evolution, ecological resilience, and socioeconomic adaptability. We invite contributions addressing long-term geomorphology, coastal processes, ecological responses to environmental stress, human adaptation strategies, and policy implications. Case studies, modelling efforts, and comparative analyses from the Indian Ocean, Pacific, and beyond are especially welcome. The session aims to foster integrative dialogues and practical frameworks for assessing and enhancing island habitability in a rapidly changing world.