The National Botanical Research Institute (NBRI) Botanical Garden, Chattar Manzil, and the Residency are three prominent landmarks in Lucknow, each with its unique geographical and geological context. The NBRI Botanical Garden is situated on Rana Pratap Marg in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. It was established in 1789 as a royal garden by Nawab Saadat Ali Khan, it was later named Sikandar Bagh. The garden spans approximately 25 hectares and is located in the heart of Lucknow, characterized by a flat terrain typical of the Indo-Gangetic plains. The garden's soil is primarily alluvial, comprising sand, silt, and clay, deposited by the Gomti River. This fertile soil supports a diverse range of plant species conserved within the garden. Chattar Manzil, also known as the Umbrella Palace, is located on Mahatma Gandhi Marg in the Qaiserbagh area of Lucknow. Constructed during the reign of Nawab Ghazi-ud-Din Haider in the 18th century, Chattar Manzil served as a palace for the rulers of Awadh. The structure is notable for its distinctive 'chattar' (umbrella) shaped dome. The building materials include lakhauri bricks and lime plaster, common in Mughal-era constructions. The Residency is located in the Qaiserbagh area of Lucknow, near other historical landmarks. It was built between 1780 and 1800, the Residency served as the residence for the British Resident General. It gained prominence during the Siege of Lucknow in 1857. The complex includes several buildings, now in ruins, spread over a vast area with gardens and pathways. The Residency is founded on the alluvial plains of the Gomti River, with soil compositions of sand, silt, and clay.