This session explores human–environment dynamics during the Quaternary across a geographic belt that includes several key regions for human evolution and early societal transformations: the Mediterranean basin, Southwest Asia, and Central Asia. This vast area encompasses diverse climatic zones-ranging from temperate to arid and hyper-arid environments-geomorphological settings-including marine/lake basins, deserts, and high-elevation ranges-and ecological regions-from Mediterranean scrublands to steppes. These regions witnessed varied human evolution and socioeconomic dynamics, from dispersal to Neolithization and early states. We invite contributions using multi-scalar and multi-proxy geoarchaeological approaches-micromorphology, sedimentary analysis, pedology, geochemistry, remote sensing, and paleoenvironmental reconstruction-to investigate human–environment feedback, land-use strategies, settlement and socio-political organization, anthropogenic imprints, refugia, and environmental shifts linked to domestication, food production, and resilience.