This session examines Holocene human-plant-environment interactions, focusing on how communities adapted agricultural practices, land use, and settlement systems in response to climate variability. Integrating archaeobotanical, palynological, biomarker, geomorphological, and archaeological-historical evidence, it investigates how vegetation, landscapes, and societies co-evolved under changing environmental and human pressures. We invite contributions addressing agricultural innovation, resilience of vegetation systems, land‐use intensity, and the interplay between natural versus anthropogenic processes. Case studies combining multiple proxies such as pollen, biomarkers, sediments, geomorphic mapping, or settlement records, are particularly welcome. By linking diverse datasets, the session aims to build integrated narratives of Holocene landscape and socio-environmental evolution, illuminating long-term adaptive strategies relevant to contemporary climate challenges.