This session explores the geo-heritage, geo-archaeological, and cultural marvels of the Middle Ganga Plain, focusing on regions such as Varanasi, Sarnath, and Mirzapur. It invites interdisciplinary research integrating archaeology, anthropology, geoarchaeology, and paleoenvironmental sciences to understand how ancient communities adapted to varied ecological settings through settlement planning and landscape interaction. By examining regional patterns, material remains, architecture, and environmental data, the session aims to reconstruct the socio-cultural and ecological dynamics that shaped early societies. Contributions with both empirical studies and theoretical perspectives are welcome, especially those addressing long-term human-environment interactions, and the intersections of geography, heritage, and culture.